Bronchiolitis treatment typically includes which of the following?

• A. Broad-spectrum antibiotics
• B. Immediate intubation for all
• C. Lung transplant
• D. Usually supportive, but can include supplemental oxygen, frequent nasal suctioning and consideration of an advanced airway

Answer: (D)

Bronchiolitis is managed mainly with supportive care aimed at keeping the child comfortable, ensuring adequate oxygenation, and helping clear the airways. Because this illness is usually viral, broad-spectrum antibiotics aren’t routinely used unless a bacterial infection is suspected. Intubation for all patients isn’t indicated; most kids improve with supportive measures such as ensuring fluids and nutrition, and relieving airway secretions. Frequent nasal suctioning helps clear mucus that can obstruct small airways in infants, reducing work of breathing. Supplemental oxygen is provided if oxygenation is compromised. In severe cases where respiratory failure occurs despite supportive care, an advanced airway may be considered, but lung transplant is not a treatment option for bronchiolitis.